The purpose of the research: system retrofit of suborder Schistosomatidа in reliance on their morfo-biological distinctions. Materials and methods. Samples of adult and 5 species of larvas have been collected and tested: Schistosoma turkestanicum Skryabin, 1913, Bilharziella polonica (Kowalewsky, 1899), Trichobilharzia ocellata (La Valette, 1854), Dendritobilharzia loossi Skryabin, 1924 and Gigantobilharzia acotylea Odhner, 1910. Adult phases of trematode have been identified in accordance to common methods. Identification of cercaria larva produced by water living shell-fish (Lymnaeidae, Planorbidae, Physidae, Melanoididae) has been carried out according to indicators. Current system of trematode suborder Schistosomatidа - vertebrate animals and man parasites are analyzed. Results and discussion. New variant of system of trematode suborder Schistosomatidа order is proposed. Schistosomatida morfo-biological distinctions and biocycles are taken as a basis. Two families are distinguished in this suborder: Schistosomatidae and Bilharziellidae, which represent parasites of warm-blooded vertebrate animals. There are two families of Sanguinicolidae and Spirorchiidae in suborder Sanguinicolida, which consist of fish and reptile parasites respectively. For Schistosomatida order the new underclass Schistosomatidea is founded. Sanguinicolida order is left as the part of Digenea underclass consisting of androgynous fluke.

We had analyzed longstanding meteorological data (precipitation total and average monthly temperature of air, atmosphere relative humidity), pond and feeding ground condition in order to develop prognosis by major helminthiasis of farm livestock within Russian Federation for 2018. Combination of such limiting factors determines the importance of territory zoning for studying the regularity of helminthiasis epidemic processes. Data received in analysis of forms on veterinary medicine accountability for the previous years are taken into account. Obtained results are based on the initial registration of disease and animals mortality, diagnostic testing, on prophylaxis, medicative as well as veterinary and sanitary arrangements, which are held by institutes of state veterinary service and by Veterinary Health Office workers in other households, at enterprises, and also on transport and state boundary. Analysis of epidemic situation suggests that grazing season in 2018 will be unfavorable in relation to transfer of “grazing” helminthiasis.

The purpose of the research: to educe regional specificity of epizootology (epidemiology) of helminthozoonoses (taeniarinhosis - cysticercosis, echinococcosis, trichinellosis) in Kyzylorda region Republic of Kazakstan. Materials and methods. In 2010-2016 according to postmortem examination methods cattle is investigated on cysticercosis and echinococcosis, sheep camels and horses on echinococcosis, pigs on taeniasis saginata at the premises of Kyzylorda meat cutting plant and at Kyzylorda markets. Physiological state of cysticercuses and caseworm larvocyst have been studied depending on the animal age. Invasion extensiveness (IE) of dogs were studied by the method of control worming by hydrobromide arecoline. As well as veterinarian and medical audit in region for the last 10 years was analyzed. Results and discussion. It has been established that cysticercosis bovine is widespread endemic and irregular. Invasion extensiveness (IE) of cattle was higher on the south-east of region (3.3%), and on the west this measure greatly declined (2.4%). This zoonosis extensiveness is greatly progressed during last 7 years (from 1.7% in 2010 till 3.3% in 2016). In general, at the south-west part of Kazakstan cattle is infected by Cysticercus bovis on 2.6-2.9% while the invasion strength (IS) is average 2-4 cysticercuses onto one corpse. During 2010-2016 it was educed two persons who are ill on taeniasis saginata. Sheep, cattle and camels were average taken by caseworms on 21.1%, 8.1%, and 42.7% respectively. IE parameters depended on the age and were high at the adult animals: Lambs are wormy on 2.5%, sheep older then 5 years on 29.5%, young camels at the age under 2 years are wormy on 27.9%, and animals older then 7 years on 50.0%, calves under 2 years are wormy on 2.4%, and cattle older then 5 years on 10.7%. IS of all kinds of animals correlated outright to EI and also depended on the animal age. In the process of internal veterinarian sanitary examination of 1680 killing horses of different age caseworm larvocyst were not founded. Эхинококкоз среди населения Кызылор динской области распространен эндемично. According to the data from health statistics, 463 patients (including 47.7% of men and 52.6% of women) have been operated concerning caseworm in the clinics in Kyzylorda region during 12 years (2005-2016 years). In 2010-2016 it was tested 688 samples of muscles of imported pork for trichinellosis by compressor method. All samples were negative. Over the last 10 years caseworm of animal and human was not registered in the region except one outburst in 2016 (February-March), during which 20 accidents of human caseworm had been educed in the region. The source of invasion was wild boars meat.

The purpose of the research: to define the degree of spread of eimeriosis among calves under the conditions of south European part of Russia. Materials and methods. The researches were carried out in 11 entities of Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol Territory and Rostov Region in 2016-2017. The material for the researches was fecal specimen of cattle from entities of different forms of ownership. Total of 975 fecal specimen of cattle were studied. Fecal specimens were studied according to Fulleborn’s method. Invasion extensiveness (IE, %) and average number of oocysts in 1 g of feces were determined. Seasonal dynamics of infection of young stock cattle was studied by studies of fecal specimens of 38 heads in January - February, 43 heads in March - May, 64 heads during summer and 55 heads during autumn period. Influence of the stock density of calves in a pen on infection by eimeria was studied on 249 calves, among which 62 animals were kept in individual pens, 25 animals were kept in a pen for 2-5 animals, 28 calves were kept in a pen for 6-10 animals, 55 calves were kept in a pen for 11-15 animals and 75 calves were kept in a pen for 16 animals and more. Fecal specimens were studied three times. Obtained results were processed statistically. Results and discussion. Animals were infected by eimeria regardless of the type of entity. Average infection of the cattle in all tested entities was 47.43% when 180.5±8.3 samples of oocysts were found in average in 1 g of feces. In entities the infection of young stock cattle varied from 0 to 100% with maximum result at Urozhaynoe CJSC of Stavropol Territory when 362.3±9.7 samples of oocysts were found in 1 g of feces. To the fullest extent calves were infected by eimeria at the age of 3-4 months (IE 70.73%) when 364.3±8.2 samples of oocysts were found in 1 g of feces in average. Mature animals were infected minimally (IE 20.0%). Maximum animal infection was in spring and in autumn, 53.49% and 61.81% respectively when 282.3±7.5 and 324.6±8.3 samples of oocysts were available in 1 g of feces. It was established, that while rising the stocking rate of calves in the pen the eimeria infection also greatly increases. Minimal invasion was in calves which were kept in individual pens.

The purpose of the research: to evaluate the sanitary-parasitological status of urban waste water and the effectiveness of its disinvasion at the station of biological elimination of Yakutsk. Materials and methods. Taking of water samples and their sanitary-parasitological research have run in compliance to generally accepted in parasitology methods and confirmed statutory documents. For evaluation of the epidemical situation on tapeworm disease morbidity parameters were used, long-time average annual morbidity parameter. Results and discussion. Evaluation of parasitological pollution of sewer waste water in Yakutsk has shown that in water samples taken before clean-up as well as dregs from degritter ascaride and difillobotriida eggs were registered in 100 % cases. Ascaride and difillobotriida eggs were educed after mechanical treatment and in dregs from n-filter in 100% and 80% respectively, and also after repeated mechanical treatment and bio-treatment of water by active sludge in 33% and 17% specimens respectively. Sound eggs of ascariasis and diphyllobothriasis germs were founded in 18% and 9% water specimens respectively post-run ultraviolet irradiation. Eggs of enterobiasis germ were founded in 17% specimens of waste water. Mechanical treatment and bio-treatment cut a share of positive specimen to 8%. Seat worm’s eggs haven’t found in water samples after ultraviolet irradiation of drains. During all period of research taeniidae’s hexacanths and whipworm’s eggs haven’t found. Disinvasion methods, applied at sewage treatment facilities of Yakutsk, don’t guarantee the germs eradication of parasitic disease and don’t warrant epidemiological water safety as for ascaride and difillobotriida germs. Public utility drains, polluted by propagative forms of bio- and soil-transmitted helminth, are among of factors conditioning negative sanitary-parasitological situation of Lena river, having detrimental effect on ecological and epidemiological situation upon parasitic disease in the region.

The purpose of the research: study of the influence of increased doses of fenbendazole supramolecular complex (FSMC) on sheep’s organism. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out at the Podolsk Department of All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plants named after K. I. Skryabin on 20 manorial invasion-free sheep aged 2-3 years old. Animals were divided according to the principle of analogues into 4 groups, 5 heads in each group. Animals of the 1, 2 and 3 group were orally administered with FSMC given as a single dose of 2, 6, 10 mg/kg, respectively, according to the active substance, i.e in therapeutic and in a dose increased by 3 and 5 times. Sheep of the fourth group didn’t receive the drug and they were as control. Study of clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters of animals from all groups was conducted 1 day before and in 1, 3, 5 days after administration of the drug by means of standard methods. Results and discussion. FSMC in therapeutic dose as well as in a dose increased by 3 and 5 times doesn’t have negative influence on clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters of the sheep. State of the sheep, which received the drug in doses of 20, 60, 100 mg/kg, was within the physiologically normal state and didn’t differ from the state before administration of the drug and from the animals of the control group. Drug security index exceeds 5. Red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin count, leukogram parameters as well as biochemical parameters of blood: activity of alkaline phosphatase and amylase, bilirubin, creatinine, urea and glucose counts were within normal limits and didn’t differ from the parameters of the control animals.

The purpose of the research: study of Ivermectin pharmacokinetics in horses organism after the application of Equiverm antiparasitic paste. Materials and methods. For studying of pharmacokinetics of Equiverm in blood plasma of five manorial breed horses at the age of 6-7 years, with the weight about 400-450 kg antiparasitic paste was injected orally by syringe dispenser in an amount of 0.2 mg/kg body weight, and then blood sampling from jugular vein was performed in 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 ,9, 24, 48, 96, 144, 288, 456, 624, 720 hours for the following determination of the concentration of Ivermectin in blood plasma of horses by high pressure liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection using P.K. Sanyal method (1994). Validated method of determination Ivermectin in blood serum of was developed. It allows determining this analyte in extremely low concentrations (LOD value is 0.03 ng/mL, LOQ value is 0.09 ng/mL). Results and discussion. Ivermectin is absorbed in horses digestive tract after oral administration and it reaches defined blood serum concentrations in 1-2 hours after oral administration of antiparasitic paste - 0.2 ng/mL. Maximum concentration of 0.84 ng/mL was registered in 7 hours, and Ivermectin level decreased gradually to 0.2 ng/mL by the fourth day. Therefore, upon oral administration of Equiverm antiparasitic paste ivermectin was absorbed well enough and it enters the systemic circulation where it circulates during 4 days. Only trace amounts of Ivermectin are determined two weeks after drug administration.

The purpose of the research: to study acute toxicity and anthelmintic efficacy of khimedol, a new anthelmintic preparation. Materials and methods. Khimedol, anthelmintic preparation which was received by means of streamlined synthesis in the Institute Chemistry and Chemical Technology of National Academy of Science of Kyrgyz Republic was the object of the research (KG patent No. 1954, 2017). Experiments on identification of acute toxicity of khimedol were carried on 36 clinically healthy white mice of both genders with body weight about 18-22 g by means of oral supplementation of medication in the form of 10 % hydrous solution in dose of 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 2,500 and 3,000 mg/kg of body weight. Statistical manipulation of digital materials was carried by the probit analysis method. Testing of anthelmintic efficacy of the medication was performed by control-test method on 40 lambs, which were infested by moniezia spontaneously. Khimedol was individually given to the lambs by mouth (per os) in a form of hydrous solution as a single dose of 10, 20, 30 mg/kg of body weight. Control animals were not undergone deworming. Flotation method was used for coprological surveys. Results and discussion. Maximum tolerated dose of khimedol (LD 0) for the white mice was 1,000 mg/kg, LD 16 - 1420 mg/kg, median lethal dose (LD 50) - 2,110 (1,563÷2,845.5) mg/kg, LD 84 - 2,970 mg/kg, and absolutely lethal dose (LD 100) - 3,000 mg/kg. Therefore, khimedol is a medication with low toxic potential to animals. During the experiments on testing the anthelmintic effectiveness of khimedol on sheep with monieziasis it has been established that the preparation exhibits its anthelmintic efficacy in a dose of 10 mg/kg: among 10 lambs 8 were treated from worms, and the number of eggs in 1 g of feces was decreased by 83.43%. Administration of khimedol in a dose of 20 and 30 mg/kg leads to full recovery of an animal from monieziasis (100%).

The purpose of the research: to study the efficacy of the insectoacaricidal preparation "Neoterica Protecto 4" against ixodidoses and other acaroses of animals. Materials and methods. 252 dogs and 158 cats of different ages and breeds naturally infected with Ixodes ticks and Notoedres cati, Demodex canis and Sarcoptes canis, as well as 35 decorative rabbits infected with acaroses caused by Psoroptes cuniculi and Sarcoptes scabiei varietas cuniculi were used. All animals were divided into experimental and control groups. For animals of experimental groups, the preparation was used according to the instructions for use, animals of control group the preparation did not receive. Determination of the rate of onset of the "knockdown" state and the height of the tick lifting on the treated tissue from cotton coarse calico size 10 × 70 cm was carried out on 30 Ixodes ticks. Results and discussion. 100 % therapeutic efficacy of preparation «Neoterica Protecto 4» in the control of ixodid ticks and acaroses of animals (otodectosis, psoroptosis, sarcoptosis, demodecosis and notoedrosis), high preventive acaricidal efficacy for 60 days, and found that the preparation has a pronounced «knockdown effect», the time of onset of the «knockdown» state averages 2.35 minutes at an average lifting altitude 37.56 cm.

The purpose of the research: the study of the efficacy of the preparations for veterinary use "Inspector Quadro C" and "Inspector Quadro K" against ecto- and endoparasitoses of dogs and cats. Materials and methods. Studies were conducted on spontaneously infected dogs and cats of different sexes, age, weight and breed. The diagnosis of infection with ectoparasites was made based on the clinical picture and laboratory methods of investigation (microscopy of scrapings taken from ectoparasitized skin areas, examination of the coat for fleas, lice, worms, ixodids). Infection with helminths was established by detecting eggs of helminths in faeces of animals by the method of Füleleborn and mature segments of cestodes. Preparations were applied to the animals by drip application on dry undamaged skin in places inaccessible to licking in a dose of 0.1-0.4 ml per 1 kg of body weight. The results were statistically processed. Results and discussion. "Inspector Quadro S" and "Inspector Quadro K" showed 100% efficacy at sarcoptosis in dogs, notoedrosis in cats, otodectosis in dogs and cats, ixodidoses and entomoses. "Inspector Quadro C" showed a high efficiency (92.3%) at demodecosis in dogs. However, single mites were found in one dog. 100% efficacy of "Inspector Quadro C" and "Inspector Quadro K" has been established against intestinal nematodes and cestodes in dogs and cats. Negative effects of drugs on the body of animals have not been revealed.

The purpose of the research: to conduct tests of Microsal in composition of 2% medicated feed mixture, which can be prepared in the farm under new conditions of keeping fish in cages (ultimate extinction of heated discharge into heat sink and fish wintering in cages under ice). Materials and methods. Test of 2% medicated feed mixture was conducted at Cherepetskiy rybkhoz Joint Stock Company of Tula region on carp yearlings which were spontaneously infected by bothriocephalus. 4 experimental cages were selected at the 5th pontoon line where about 10 000 of yearling carps with average weighed quantity of 10 g were located. Total weight of fish in each cage was about 100 kg. Before medical and preventive fish processing from each testing cage off at 10 yearling carps had been caught and exposed to helminthological prosection to define extensity and intensity of fish infection by bothriocephalus. On the 6-th day after medical and preventive processing it was also conducted catching and helminthological prosection off at 10 yearling carps to define extenseffectiveness (EE, %) and intenseffectiveness (IE, %) of fish processing by 2% medicated feed mixture with Microsal. Results and discussion. Water temperature at the level of cages lines only by the end of May was 14.8°С because of cold spring. Content of solvable oxygen is 6.2 mg/l. Yearling carps by that time had tiny average weighed quantity and were greatly weakened. Fish infectiousness in cages No 5, 21, 25, and 36 was 40, 40, 50, and 40% respectively while average infection intensity of 1.25-2.0 cestode on one fish. After a single medical and preventive processing yearling carps by 2% medicated feed mixture with microsal (doses on AI 40 mg/kg) 100% processing efficiency was achieved in three cages. In the cage No 21 EE of deworming was 75.0% with intenseffectiveness 71.4%. For receiving high efficiency of medical and preventive fish processing in such type of cage fish farms it is necessary to increase the number of administration of medicated feed (3-5 times), whilst cutting content of microsal in medicated feed from 2% to 0.4-0.5%.

The purpose of the research: study of fauna phytonematodes of ornamental crops. Materials and methods. Studies were conducted in 2016-2017 years in Kiev Goloseevskiy park, Ukraine. Materials for studies were samples of soil, plants, larvae and adult nematodes. Production of temporal and permanent preparations, determination of nematode species composition were conducted according to common methods. Results and discussion. 41 phytonematode species belonging to 29 species, 16 families and 5 series were found in rhizosphere of ornamental plants of Goloseevskiy park. According to taxonomic structure 49% species of ornamental plant phytonematode complex belong to Tylenchidae, 36% - to Rhabditida, 7% - to Dorylaimida, 4% - to Enoplida and 4% - to Araeolaimida. It is reasonable to divide species of nematodes found in rhizosphere of plants into 4 groups: phytohelminths, micohelminths, saprobionts and predaceous species. Phytohelminths are 11 species, micohelminths are 7 species, saprobionts are 20 species and 2 species are predaceous speciesof nematodes. Cassagnau index was used in order to determine the state of dominance of dispersed species of nematodes (Cassagnau, 1947). According to this parameter Helycotylenchus dihystera, Aphelenchoides fragarie and Ditylenchus dipsaci were the predominate phytoparasitic species. The following species which we often found were: Tylenchorhynchus dubius, Pratylenchus penetrans, P. pratensis, D. destructor, Paratylenchus nanus, Rotylenchus robustus, A. ritzemabosi, species which we found rarely was Longidorus elongatus.

The purpose of the research: to develop verbal, analogous, mathematical models of projected growth of potato globoderosis depending on agrometeorological conditions. Materials and methods. Analysis of national and foreign literature regarding epiphytotiology, modeling was performed, as well as available literature data and personal supervision about influence of meteorological conditions on the potato globoderosis development were generalized. A database received in Kondrovo of Kaluga Region was used in order to develop verbal, analogous, mathematical model. One experimental field was chosen out of 40 experimental fields and plots of land where Sineglazka vulnerable variety was grown during 1979-1993. On the field with average soil quality the population density of nematodes varied from 14,900 to 27,300 (average 20,600) ovicells and larvas at the 100 cubic cm of soil. Globoderosis development was evaluated according to the scale for at-ground visual appraisal of defeat potato plants by globoderosis in points annually in July. Phenological, phytosanitary and phytohelminthological metering and supervision at the experimental field were conducted during vegetational season. Correlation and regression analysis of collected material was conducted using software application Microsoft Excel. Results and discussion. Сorrelation coefficient for meteorological factors closely related to globoderosis development over 15 years were calculated with the help of correlation analysis. Predictors (average daily temperature, quantity and amount of rainfall) for short period forecast of globoderosis development while planting of potatoes with average level of fertility were determined. As the result of regression analysis mathematic models of projected growth globoderosis depending on agrometeorological factors were received. Confidence of a mathematical model, i.e. differences of expectancy record from retrospective average 3.6%. Correspondence of mathematic model was checked by historical data using correlation coefficient between the result of projected growth globoderosis and measurement data. It is 0.83. Accuracy of forecast varied from -36.8 to 36.5%.

Methodological recommendations on the application of Iverlong long acting preparation in the presence of parasitic diseases of livestock animals are given, including general data, pharmacological properties, application procedure and personal preventive measures. Iverlong is prescribed to cattle and sheep for the treatment and prophylaxis of nematodosis (dictyocaulosis, strongylatosis, strongyloidosis, neoascaridosis, bunostomosis, thelaziosis), gasterophilidae invasions (hypodermatosis, oestrosis), psoroptic scab, sarcoptic scab, sifunculatosis. Iverlong is administered to the animals as a single dose intramuscularly or subcutaneously to cattle on brachium, it is administered to sheep in the internal surface of thigh in a dose of 1 ml per 50 kg of body weight. Iverlong provides protection of animal from parasitic diseases up to 75-90 days.

Information is provided on the causative agents of fasciolosis and the developmental biology of Fasciola hepatica. Fasciolosis of cattle is widespread in the conditions of the Kaluga Region and the Central Federal District on farms of different forms of ownership. The greatest number of F. hepatica eggs in 1 g of feces in cattle is established in JSC "Iskra" - 175,4 specimens, the lowest - in the samples from cows from private farms - 87,6 sp. At the opening slaughter of cattle at meat processing plants region and slaughterhouses invasion of their fasciolae was 34.8%. The average number fascial one infected animal was 32.1 specimens, including adult - and larval specimens of 25.2 and 6.9 copies At veterinary-sanitary expertise and helminthological autopsy of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts installed year-round invasion fasciolae mainly in the adult stage. Young animals of the current year are infected with fasciola in the pasture massly in August-September, and the extent of invasion in November was 4.3%, for winter-stabling months an average of 12.6%, in March - 17.9% and in April after de-worming - 5.9%.The data obtained in the study of the distribution of the small pond has shown that in the Kaluga region these mollusks are widespread. In this case, the invasion of the small pond snail by larval forms of fasciolae in different years has its own peculiarities, which are influenced by climatic factors.The different dosage forms of clozantel - Rolenol and Santel and Genamectin with mixed fascioliasis and hypodermatosis of bovine in the recommended dose against subcutaneous gadfly larvae - provided 100% efficacy. The tested dosage forms of clozantel are similar in effectiveness against subcutaneous gadfly larvae (EE-100%) and fasciol (EE-95 and 90%, IE-97.4 and 96.3%).The therapeutic and economic effectiveness of complex domestic preparations of Helmicide and Fascocida in spontaneous fascioliasis of cattle is studied.

The technique of staining on the activity of acid phosphatase has been modified, which makes it possible to differentiate between larvae of the first stage of nematodes of four species: Dirofilaria immitis, D. repens, Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides, A. reconditum from the blood of dogs. The method is based on the localization of acid phosphatase in different parts of the body in different types of microfilariae. For visualization, the substrate hydrolysis reaction, which catalyzes acid phosphatase, and the formation of an insoluble stained precipitate in these areas is used. The list of equipment and reagents is attached, a brief description of the process of preparation of clinical material, coloring and criteria of differentiation of species by color is given.