Role of steroid compounds in relationship of plants and parasitic nematodes
Abstract
Literature data on steroid metabolism of plant-parasitic nematodes and own research on the feasibility of regulating the number of pathogenic nematodes using plant steroids are presented. Steroidal compounds are essential components of cell membranes, play a significant role in the regulatory process and are signaling mo- lecules. On one side it was shown possibility to affect the steroid metabolism of nematodes depressing their development, depriving necessary sterols; on other side to impact the mevalonate pathway in plants enhancing their immune properties. Analysis of a number of steroid compounds: glycoalkaloids, saponins and ecdy- sones extracted from plants of the Solanaceae, Labiatae and Dioscoreaceae, shows that all tested compounds to a greater or lesser degree can affect the development of the nematode. In examined tomato plant system Solanum esculentum Mill, root- knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid et White) Chitwood, the highest activity among steroidal glycoalkaloids had ɑ-tomatin and ɑ-chaconine, among saponins - tomatozide. While observing the direct impact of steroids on nematodes, we can point out the nematostatic effect of compounds in applied concentrations. On the example of tomato plants treated with ɑ-tomatin the activity of protease inhibitors, agents interrupting digestion of insects and nematodes, is analyzed. Treatment of plants with ɑ-tomatin increases the activity of trypsin inhibitors in the tomato tissues that allows expecting the relation between the plant treatment with ɑ-tomatin and degree of resistance of tomato to nematodes
About the Authors
Zh. V. Udalova
Center of Parasitology of Institute of Ecology and Evolution named after A.N. Sevetsov, RAS
Russian Federation
PhD in biological sciences
Russian Federation
PhD in biological sciences
S. V. Zinovieva
Center of Parasitology of Institute of Ecology and Evolution named after A.N. Sevetsov, RAS
Russian Federation
doctor of biological sciences
Russian Federation
doctor of biological sciences
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Udalova Zh.V., Zinovieva S.V. Role of steroid compounds in relationship of plants and parasitic nematodes. Russian Journal of Parasitology. 2014;(2):104-113. (In Russ.)
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