vniigisРоссийский паразитологический журналRussian Journal of Parasitology1998-84352541-7843ВНИИП – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦ ВИЭВ РАН10.31016/1998-8435-2025-19-1-56-66vniigis-1275Research ArticleБИОХИМИЯ, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ И ДИАГНОСТИКАBIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTICSК вопросу о механизме резистентности паразитических нематод к антигельминтным препаратам (краткий обзор)On the mechanism of resistance of parasitic nematodes to anthelmintic drugs (brief review)МалютинаТ. А.MalyutinaT. A.

Малютина Татьяна Анатольевна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории фауны, экологии и экспериментальной паразитологии.

Москва

Malyutina Tatiana A. - PhD in biol. sc., Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Fauna, Ecology and Experimental Parasitology.

Moscow

maliytina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8254-4495УдаловаЖ. В.UdalovaZh. V.

Удалова Жанна Викторовна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории паразитологии; SPIN-код: 3042-0520, Researcher ID: J-3667-2018, Scopus ID: 6603578215.

Москва

Udalova Zhanna V. - PhD in biol. sc., Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Parasitology; SPIN: 3042-0520, Researcher ID: J-3667-2018, Scopus ID: 6603578215.

Moscow

zh.udalova@gmail.comФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова Российской академии наукРоссияFederal State Budget Scientific Institution, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А.Н. Северцова Российской академии наук; Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и прикладной паразитологии животных и растений – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр – Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной ветеринарии имени К.И. Скрябина и Я.Р. Коваленко Российской академии наук» (ВНИИП – фил. ФГБНУ ФНЦ ВИЭВ РАН)РоссияFederal State Budget Scientific Institution, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences; All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Centre VIEV"Russian Federation2025180320251915666Copyright © Малютина Т.А., Удалова Ж.В., 20252025Малютина Т.А., Удалова Ж.В.Malyutina T.A., Udalova Z.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vniigis.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1275

Цель исследований – анализ литературы, посвященной изучению одного из факторов развития резистентности паразитических нематод к антигельминтным препаратам, имеющего генетическую основу.

В статье анализируется роль генетических мутаций, выявленных в популяциях паразитических нематод позвоночных животных, не проявляющих чувствительности к бензимидазолам, макроциклическим лактонам и ацетилхолинергическим агонистам и антагонистам. В литературе показано, что резистентность к бензимидазолам у паразитических нематод, на примере нематоды Haemonchus contortus, связана с мутациями гена gru-1 изотипа 1, кодирующего белок β-тубулин, который является мишенью для бензимидазолов в организме нематод. В отношении резистентности нематод к макроциклическим лактонам, которые являются агонистами глутаматных рецепторов, на примере нематоды Caenorhabditis elegans, показано, что мутации трех генов glc-1, avr-14, avr-15, кодирующих субъединицы α-типа глутаматзависимых хлорных каналов рецепторов, приводят к развитию резистентности нематоды к ивермектину из группы макроциклических лактонов. Устойчивость паразитических нематод к холинергическим антигельмитикам (левамизол, пирантел, оксантел), на примере нематоды Ascaris suum, связана с мутациями генов, кодирующих субъединицы Asu-UNC-29 и Asu-UNC-38, которые формируют у нематоды никотиновые ацетилхолиновые рецепторы трех типов – N, L и B. Значимость наличия резистентности, как явления у растительных паразитических нематод к нематицидам, к настоящему времени окончательно не решена. Экология и биология фитонематод позволяют им переживать неблагоприятные условия существования. Работ, свидетельствующих о вероятности выявления резистентности у фитопаразитических нематод к химическим средствам защиты, немного. Исследования поиска генетических маркеров резистентности к различным нематицидам активно ведутся на модельной свободноживущей нематоде C. elegans, что позволит создавать новые нематицидные препараты, как для зоо, так и для фитонематод.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the literature devoted to the study of one of the factors in the development of resistance of parasitic nematodes to anthelmintic drugs which has a genetic basis.

The article analyzes the role of genetic mutations identified in populations of parasitic nematodes in vertebrates that do not show sensitivity to benzimidazoles, macrocyclic lactones and acetylcholinergic agonists and antagonists. The literature shows that benzimidazole resistance in parasitic nematodes, by the example of the nematode Haemonchus contortus, is associated with mutations in the β-tubulin encoding isotype 1 gene gru-1, which is a target for benzimidazoles in the body of nematodes. For the nematode resistance to macrocyclic lactones which are glutamate receptor agonists, it was shown by the example of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that mutations of three glc-1, avr-14, and avr-15 genes that encode the α-type subunits of glutamate-gated chloride channels of receptors give rise to the development of nematode resistance to macrocyclic lactone ivermectin. Parasitic nematode resistance to cholinergic anthelmintics (levamisole, pyrantel, oxantel), by the example of the nematode Ascaris suum, is associated with mutations in the Asu-UNC-29 and Asu-UNC-38 subunit-encoding genes which form three types of nicotinic acetylcholine nematode receptors, N, L and B. The significance of nematicide resistance as a phenomenon in plant parasitic nematodes has not yet been fully resolved. The phytonematode ecology and biology allow them to survive unfavorable conditions of existence. There are few studies evidencing the probability of detecting resistance in phytoparasitic nematodes to chemical means of protection. Studies are actively conducted to search genetic markers of resistance to various nematicides on the model free-living nematode C. elegans, which will allow us to create new nematicides against both zooparasitic and phytonematodes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.