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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vniigis</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский паразитологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Parasitology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1998-8435</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-7843</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ВНИИП – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦ ВИЭВ РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31016/1998-8435-2023-17-4-501-509</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vniigis-1094</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ И ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, BIOTECHNOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейропептиды галловых нематод: функциональное значение в локомоциях паразитов (краткий обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neuropeptides of root-knot nematodes: functional significance in parasite locomotions (short review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малютина</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milyutina</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малютина Татьяна Анатольевна, кандидат биологических наук,</p><p>119071, Москва, Ленинский пр., 33.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malyutina Tatiana A., PhD in biol. sc.,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maliytina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8254-4495</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Удалова</surname><given-names>Ж. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Udalova</surname><given-names>Zh. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Удалова Жанна Викторовна, кандидат биологических наук,</p><p>117218, Россия, Москва, ул. Б. Черемушкинская, 28; 119071, Россия, Москва, Ленинский пр., 33.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Udalova Zhanna V., PhD in biol. sc.,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zh.udalova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и прикладной паразитологии животных и растений – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр – Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной ветеринарии имени К. И. Скрябина и Я. Р. Коваленко Российской академии наук» (ВНИИП – фил. ФГБНУ ФНЦ ВИЭВ РАН);  Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт проблем экологии и эволюции им. А. Н. Северцова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”; A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>501</fpage><lpage>509</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малютина Т.А., Удалова Ж.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малютина Т.А., Удалова Ж.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Milyutina T.A., Udalova Z.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vniigis.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1094">https://vniigis.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1094</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследований – анализ литературы, посвященной изучению физиологической роли и функциональному значению биологически активных веществ: FMRFамид-подобных нейропептидов в локомоциях галловых нематод Meloidogyne incognita, M. minor, M. hapla и M. graminicоla с помощью иммунологических, филогенетических, молекулярных и биоинформатических методов исследования.</p><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Показано важное значение эндогенных FMRFамид-подобных нейропептидов (FLP) в таких поведенческих реакциях фитонематод, как локомоции, которые обеспечивают жизнедеятельность растительных паразитов; обсуждается функциональное значение flp генов в нейробиологии галловых нематод. Основные физиологические и функциональные характеристики эндогенных FLP у галловых нематод получены в результате исследований функциональной роли flp генов, кодирующих эти нейропептиды. У нематод M. incognita и M. graminicоla в нервных структурах идентифицированы компоненты пептидергической нервной системы: FMRFамид-подобная положительная иммунореактивность, FLP, flp гены, кодирующие нейропептиды, и G-протеин связанные рецепторы (GPCR), активируемые этими нейропептидами. Основные функциональные характеристики эндогенных FLP у нематод получены с помощью одного из методов обратной генетики – временного выключения flp генов посредством РНК-интерференции. Установлено, что FLP вызывают на соматической мускулатуре галловых нематод два вида физиологических эффектов – стимуляцию локомоторной активности мускулатуры и ее угнетение. В большинстве работ полученные данные, о физиологических эффектах нейропептидов на двигательную активность фитонематод рассматриваются с целью возможного использования при разработке новых антигельминтных препаратов направленного действия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of the research is to analyze the literature devoted to the study of the physiological role and functional significance of biologically active substances: FMRFamide-like neuropeptides in the locomotion of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita, M. minor, M. hapla and M. graminicola using immunological, phylogenetic, molecular and bioinformatic research methods.</p><p>Results and discussion. The present work shows the importance of endogenous FMRFamide-like neuropeptides (FLPs) in such behavioral reactions of plant nematodes as locomotion, which ensures the vital activity of plant parasites; the functional significance of flp genes in the neurobiology of root-knot nematodes is discussed. It was especially noted that the main physiological and functional characteristics of endogenous FLP in root-knot nematodes were obtained as a result of studies of the functional role of the flp genes encoding these neuropeptides. In the nematodes M. incognita and M. graminicola, components of the peptidergic nervous system were identified in the nervous structures: FMRFamide-like positive immunoreactivity, FLP, flp genes encoding neuropeptides, and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) activated by these neuropeptides. It was shown that the main functional characteristics of endogenous FLPs in nematodes were obtained using one of the methods of reverse genetics, i.e., flp genes knockdown in shadow by means of RNA-interference. It has been established that FLP cause two types of physiological effects on the somatic muscles of root-knot nematodes – stimulation of the locomotor activity of the muscles and its inhibition. In most works, the data obtained on the physiological effects of neuropeptides on the locomotor activity of phytonematodes are considered with a view to their possible use in the development of new targeted anthelmintic drugs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>FMRFамид-подобные нейропептиды</kwd><kwd>flp гены</kwd><kwd>локомоции нематод</kwd><kwd>галловые нематоды</kwd><kwd>нервная система</kwd><kwd>иммуноцитохимия</kwd><kwd>РНК-интерференция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>FMRFamide-like neuropeptides</kwd><kwd>flp genes</kwd><kwd>nematode locomotion</kwd><kwd>root-knot nematodes</kwd><kwd>nervous system</kwd><kwd>immunocytochemistry</kwd><kwd>RNA-interference</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малютина Т. А., Воронин М. В. 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